I can. Just make an AppImage after building nautilus. The following bash script works for me for Nautilus 43.1.
#!/usr/bin/bash -e
wget -c https://github.com/linuxdeploy/linuxdeploy/releases/download/continuous/linuxdeploy-x86_64.AppImage
chmod 755 ./linuxdeploy-x86_64.AppImage
meson setup build --prefix=/usr
meson install -C build --destdir=AppDir
glib-compile-schemas ./build/AppDir/usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas
gtk4-update-icon-cache -q -t -f ./build/AppDir/usr/share/icons/hicolor
update-desktop-database -q ./build/AppDir/usr/share/applications
mkdir -p ./build/AppDir
echo -n '#!/usr/bin/bash
export AppDir=$(dirname "$(realpath "$0")")
export PATH="${AppDir}/usr/bin:${PATH}"
export XDG_DATA_DIRS="${AppDir}/usr/share:${XDG_DATA_DIRS:-/usr/local/share:/usr/share}"
export TEXTDOMAINDIR="${AppDir}"/usr/share/locale:"${TEXTDOMAINDIR:-/usr/share/locale}"
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="${AppDir}"/usr/lib:"${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:-/usr/lib}"
export GI_TYPELIB_PATH="${AppDir}"/usr/lib/girepository-1.0
nautilus "$@"
' > ./build/AppDir/AppRun
chmod 755 ./build/AppDir/AppRun
./linuxdeploy-x86_64.AppImage \
--appdir=build/AppDir \
-o appimage \
--desktop-file=build/AppDir/usr/share/applications/org.gnome.Nautilus.desktop
Note: The AppImage built with this script will work only on the machine where it was built.