Using command line tools that affect the X server does not guarantee that any state provided by GNOME is kept. Additionally, you haven’t said what kind of graphics card you’re using.
Having said that, you may want to file a bug; this will give a chance to the maintainers to at least tell you if what you’re doing is even supposed to work.
The reason why I asked—and why you should always report what kind of hardware you have tested an issue with—is that there are different brightness controls on Linux that depend on the graphics driver in use.